No,nos in public speaking 演讲切忌

Talking too rapidly; 语速太快;

Speaking in a monotone; 声音单调；

Using too high a vocal pitch; 声音尖细；

Talking and not saying much; “谈”得太多，说得太少；

Presenting without enough emotion or passion; 感情不充分；

Talking down to the audience; 对观众采取一种居高临下的姿态;

Using too many "big" words; 夸张的词语使用得太多；

Using abstractions without giving concrete examples; 使用抽象概念而不给出事例加以说明；

Using unfamiliar technical jargon; 使用别人不熟悉的技术术语；

Using slang or profanity; 使用俚语或粗俗语；

Disorganized and rambling performance; 演讲无组织，散乱无序；

Indirect communication i.e. beating around the bush； 说话绕弯子，不切中主题；

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How to communicate with the audience 怎样与听众交流

A message worth communicating; 要有值得交流的观点；

Gain the listeners' atention: capture their interest and build their trust; 引起听众的注意：抓住他们的兴趣并赢得信任；

Emphasize understanding; 重视理解；

Obtain their feedback; 获得反馈；

Watch your emotional tone; 注意声调要有感情；

Persuade the audience; 说服听众；

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How to gain confidence 怎样变得自信

Smile and glance at the audience; 微笑并看着观众；

Start very slowly, with your shoulders back and your chin up; 开始发言时要慢一点，身体保持昂首挺胸的姿态；

Open your speech by saying something very frankly; 开场白说一些真诚话；

Wear your very best clothes; 穿上自己最好的衣服；

Say something positive to yourself; 对自己说一些积极的话；

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Four objectives of the speech 演讲的四个目标

To offer information; 提供信息；

To entertain the audience; 使听众感到乐趣；

To touch emotions; 动之以情；

To move to action; 使听众行动起来；

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How to organize the speech 怎样组织演讲

To have a structure: such as first, second, third; geographically, north, south, east, west; compare and contrasts; our side versus their side; negative and positive;
要有一个结构：可以分一二三点；可以从地理上分东南西北；比较与对比；我方与他方；正面与反面；

To label the materials such as jokes, funny anecdotes, favorite sayings, interesting statistics;
将材料归类整理，如笑话、趣事、名人名言、有趣的数据；

To use notecards; 使用卡片；

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How to use cards 怎样使用卡片

Number your cards on the top right; 在卡片的右上角标上数字；

Write a complete sentence on both your first and last card; 在第一张和最后一张上写上完整的句子；

Write up to five key words on other cards; 其他卡片上最多只能写五个关键词；

Use color to mark the words you want to emphasize; 用颜色来标记你想强调的词；

Remind yourself at a particular sport to check the time. 在某一处提醒自己查看时间。

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How to cope with brownout 如何对付忘词

Just smile and go to the next card. Not the one in front of you, but to the next following. Look at the first word on it. This will be the point from which you will now continue. Of course you missed part of your speech. But nobody will notice it. They will blame themselves for not following your thoughts.
只需要微微一笑，继续下一张卡片上的内容，不是摆在你目前的那张卡片，而是下一张。看一下卡片上的第一个单词，这就是你要继续的要点。当然你会遗漏一部分内容，但是没有人会注意到这一点。听众只会责怪自己没有跟上你的思路。

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How to begin 如何开头

To tell a story (about yourself); 讲个（自己的）故事；

To acknowledge the occasion of the gathering； 对大家能够聚在一起表示感谢；

To pay the listeners a compliment； 称赞一下听众；

To quote； 引用名人名言；

To use unusual statistics； 使用一些不平常的数据；

To ask the audience a challenging question； 问观众一个挑战性的问题；

To show a video or a slide. 播放录像带或看幻灯片。

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How to close 如何结尾

To repeat your opening; 重复你的开头；

To summarize your presentation; 概括你的演讲；

To close with an anecdote; 以趣事结尾；

To end with a call to action; 以号召行动结尾；

To ask a rhetorical question; 以反问结尾；

To make a statement; 以一个陈述句结尾；

To show an outline of your presentation. 展示演讲大纲。

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Eye contact 眼神交流

Move your eyes slowly from person to person, and pause two or three seconds with each listener;
眼睛慢慢地从一个移动到另一个人，在每一个人身上停留两到三秒钟时间；

Look at people straight or look at the bridge of their noses or chins;
眼睛直视听众，或看着他们的鼻梁或下巴

Look for the friendlier faces and smile at them one by one, then move on to the more skeptical members and smile at them one by one also;
找到那些看起来比较友善的听众，逐次朝他们微笑；然后目标转向那些有些怀疑的听众，也逐渐朝他们微笑；

Imagine the audience in bath

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